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Isihloko: Ukuqonda ukusebenza kweumatshini wokuphotha othe tyekwiintsimbi ezixabisekileyo kunye nee-alloys

Ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji ephucukileyo kubalulekile xa kuveliswa iintsimbi ezixabisekileyo kunye nee-alloys ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Umatshini wokuphosa i-vacuum continuous casting othe tye yitekhnoloji etshintsha ngokupheleleyo inkqubo yokuvelisa. Esi sixhobo sitsha sidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuvelisweni kweentsimbi ezahlukeneyo ezixabisekileyo kunye nee-alloys, sinikezela ngomgangatho ogqwesileyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Kule bhlog, siza kujonga ukusebenza okuntsonkothileyo kwe-vacuum continuous caster ethe tye, sihlolisise ukusebenza kwayo kunye neenkqubo eziphambili ezibandakanyekayo ekuvelisweni kweentsimbi ezixabisekileyo kunye nee-alloys.

Ukusebenza kwe-horizontalumatshini wokuphosa oqhubekayo we-vacuumiqala ngokulungiselela izinto eziluhlaza. Iintsimbi ezixabisekileyo kunye nee-alloys zikhethwa ngononophelo kwaye zilungiselelwe inkqubo yokubumba. Izinto eziluhlaza ziyanyibilikiswa kwisithando sobushushu obuphezulu ukuze zifikelele kwimeko efanelekileyo yolwelo lokubumba. Nje ukuba intsimbi enyibilikisiweyo ifikelele kubushushu obufunekayo kunye nokuqina, ingadluliselwa kwigumbi lokubumba lomatshini.

Xa isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo singeniswa kwigumbi lokuphosa, indawo yokuphosa i-vacuum idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho wenkqubo yokuphosa. Ukungabikho komoya kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo kwigumbi lokuphosa i-vacuum kunceda ukuthintela i-oxidation kunye nongcoliseko lwesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo, nto leyo ephumela kwimveliso yokugqibela ekumgangatho ophezulu. Le ndawo yokuphosa i-vacuum ikwavumela ulawulo olungcono lwenkqubo yokuphola, okuvumela ukuveliswa kwezinto ezicociweyo nezifanayo.

Igumbi lokuthulula lomatshini wokuphosa othe tye we-vacuum continuous casting lixhotyiswe ngoluhlu lweendlela zokupholisa ngokuchanekileyo. Ezi ndlela zenzelwe ukupholisa isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo ngokukhawuleza njengoko sidlula kwigumbi, ngaloo ndlela sikhuthaza inkqubo yokuqina. Ngokulawula izinga lokupholisa, umatshini unokuvelisa izinto ezithungwayo ezineempawu ezithile ze-metallurgical, ukuqinisekisa iimpawu ezifunwayo zemveliso yokugqibela.

Enye yezona zinto ziphambili kwii-casters eziqhubekekayo ze-vacuum ezithe tyaba kukukwazi ukuvelisa ii-castings eziqhubekekayo ezinobukhulu obude. Ngokungafaniyo neendlela zemveli zokuphosa apho ubude bokuphosa bunokunciphisa, ii-casters ze-vacuum ezithe tyaba zinokuvelisa ubude obude besinyithi esityhidiweyo. Olu buchule luluncedo ngakumbi ekuveliseni izinyithi ezixabisekileyo kunye neemveliso ze-alloy, ezidla ngokufuna ii-castings ezinde, ezifanayo ukuze kuqhutyekwe phambili kwaye kwenziwe.

Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwesantya sokufaka izinto lulolunye umba obalulekileyo wokusebenza komatshini. Ngokulawula isantya sesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kwigumbi lokufaka izinto, abavelisi banokufikelela kubungakanani kunye neempawu zokuphosa ezifunekayo. Eli nqanaba lolawulo libalulekile ekuveliseni izinyithi ezixabisekileyo kunye neemveliso ze-alloy ezikumgangatho ophezulu, apho ukuchaneka kobukhulu kunye nokuhambelana kubalulekile.

Ukongeza kwinkqubo yokuphosa ngokwayo, i-horizontal vacuum continuous caster ikwasebenzisa iinkqubo zokubeka esweni nokulawula eziphambili. Ezi nkqubo zivumela abaqhubi ukuba bajonge ngokusondeleyo iiparameter ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo yokuphosa, kubandakanya ubushushu, izinga lokuphola kunye nesantya sokuphosa. Ngokujonga rhoqo nokulungisa ezi parameter, abavelisi banokuqinisekisa umgangatho wokuphosa ohambelanayo ohlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zesinyithi esixabisekileyo kunye nemveliso ye-alloy.

Umatshini wokuphosa i-vacuum othe tye uxhotyiswe ngeendlela eziphambili zokukhupha kunye nokusika. Nje ukuba isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo siqine sibe yi-constant casting, oomatshini banokususa ngokuchanekileyo i-casting kwigumbi baze bayinqumle kubude obufunekayo. Le nkqubo ezenzekelayo iqinisekisa ukuveliswa ngokufanelekileyo kwe-castings ezifanayo, ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezilungele ukucutshungulwa kunye nokuveliswa ngakumbi.

Ukuguquguquka kwee-vacuum casters ezithe tye kuzenza zilungele ukuvelisa uluhlu olubanzi lweentsimbi ezixabisekileyo kunye nee-alloys. Nokuba zigolide, isilivere, iplatinum okanye ii-alloys ezikhethekileyo, umatshini unokuziqhelanisa nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo kwaye uvelise ii-castings ngokuchanekileyo nangokungaguquguqukiyo. Olu kuguquguquka lubalulekile ekuhlangabezaneni neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zamashishini axhomekeke kwiintsimbi ezixabisekileyo kunye neemveliso ze-alloy ezikumgangatho ophezulu.

Ngamafutshane, ukusebenza kwe-horizontal vacuum continuous caster yeentsimbi ezixabisekileyo kunye nee-alloys kubandakanya uthotho lweenkqubo ezintsonkothileyo ezicwangciswe ngononophelo ukuqinisekisa ukuveliswa kwee-castings ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Ukususela ekulungisweni kwezinto eziluhlaza ukuya kulawulo oluchanekileyo lweeparamitha zokuphosa, lo matshini umele incopho yobuchule bobuchwephesha kwicandelo lokuphosa isinyithi. Amandla awo okuvelisa ii-castings ezinde eziqhubekayo ezichanekileyo kakhulu kunye neempawu ze-metallurgical enza ukuba ibe sisixhobo esibalulekileyo ekuveliseni iintsimbi ezixabisekileyo kunye neemveliso ze-alloy ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Njengoko ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka buhambela phambili, ii-casters eziqhubekayo ze-vacuum continuous ngokungathandabuzekiyo ziya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubumbeni ikamva leentsimbi ezixabisekileyo kunye nokuveliswa kwe-alloy.