Iindaba

I-Solder, njengesixhobo sokudibanisa esiyimfuneko kwiindawo ezininzi ezifana ne-elektroniki, iimoto, i-aerospace, njl.njl., umgangatho wayo kunye nokusebenza kwayo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuthembeka nokuzinza kweemveliso. Ngokuqhubeka kweteknoloji, iimfuno zobunyulu, ulwakhiwo oluncinci, kunye nokusebenza kwe-solder ziya zisiba phezulu ngakumbi. Njengesixhobo sokusika isinyithi esiphucukileyo, umatshini wokusika oqhubekayo we-vacuum othe tyaba uye watsala ingqalelo kancinci kwishishini le-solder, ubonelela ngesisombululo esisebenzayo sokuvelisa i-solder esemgangathweni ophezulu.

1、Umgaqo wokusebenzaumatshini wokuphosa othe tye oqhubekayo ongenanto

Umatshini wokuphosa oqhubekekayo we-vacuum owenziwe ikakhulu sisithando somlilo, i-crystallizer, isixhobo sokutsala i-billet, inkqubo ye-vacuum, kunye nezinye iindawo. Okokuqala, faka izinto ze-solder kwisithando somlilo esinyibilikayo kwaye uzifudumeze ukuze zifikelele kubushushu obufanelekileyo bolwelo. Emva koko, indawo yokuphosa ikhutshwa ukuya kwinqanaba elithile ngenkqubo ye-vacuum ukunciphisa ukuxutywa kokungcola kwegesi. Phantsi kwesenzo somxhuzulane kunye noxinzelelo lwangaphandle, i-solder yolwelo ingena kwi-crystallizer ebekwe ngokuthe tye, epholiswa ngamanzi ajikelezayo ukuze iqine kancinci kwaye iqine eludongeni lwayo lwangaphakathi, yenze igobolondo. Ngokutsalwa kancinci kwesixhobo sokuphosa, i-solder entsha yolwelo igcwaliswa rhoqo kwi-crystallizer, kwaye igobolondo le-solder eliqinileyo likhutshwa rhoqo, ngaloo ndlela kufezekiswa inkqubo yokuphosa eqhubekayo.

umatshini wokuphosa othe tye oqhubekayo ongenanto

2、Iingenelo zoMatshini wokuCoca oQokeleyo oQokelelweyo weVacuum

(IsiNgesi)1）Phucula ubunyulu be-solder

Ukuphosa kwindawo engenamoya kunokuthintela ngempumelelo ukungcola kwegesi okufana neoksijini nenitrogen ukuba kungangeni kwi-solder, kunciphise ukwakheka kwe-oxide inclusions kunye nee-pores, kuphucule kakhulu ubunyulu be-solder, kwaye kuphucule ukumanzisa kwayo kunye nokuhamba kwayo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuwelda, ngaloo ndlela kuphucule umgangatho wejoyinti eweldayo.

(IsiNgesi)2）Phucula ulwakhiwo lwe-microstructure yezinto ezinyibilikisayo

Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuphosa ngokuqhubekayo ye-vacuum ethe tyaba, izinga lokuqina kwe-solder yolwelo liyafana, kwaye izinga lokupholisa liyalawuleka, nto leyo enceda ekwakheni isakhiwo esifanayo nesincinci kunye nokunciphisa iziganeko zokwahlulwahlulwa. Olu lwakhiwo olufanayo lombutho lwenza iipropati zoomatshini ze-solder zizinzile ngakumbi, ezinje ngamandla okutsalwa kunye nokwandiswa, eziphuculiweyo kwaye zihlangabezana neemeko ezithile ezifuna ukusetyenziswa kwe-solder.

(IsiNgesi)3）Imveliso eqhubekayo esebenzayo

Xa kuthelekiswa neendlela zemveli zokuphosa, oomatshini bokuphosa abathe tye abajikelezayo banokufezekisa imveliso eqhubekayo nengaphazanyiswayo, nto leyo ephucula kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso. Kwangaxeshanye, inomgangatho ophezulu wokwenza izinto ngokuzenzekelayo, inciphisa amanyathelo okusebenza ngesandla, inciphisa amandla abasebenzi kunye neendleko zemveliso, kwaye yenza inkqubo yemveliso ibe nozinzo kwaye ithembeke ngakumbi, nto leyo enceda ekulawuleni umgangatho wemveliso rhoqo.

(IsiNgesi)4）Nciphisa inkunkuma yezinto eziluhlaza

Ngenxa yenkqubo yokuphosa eqhubekayo kunye nolawulo oluchanekileyo lobukhulu kunye nokuma kwe-billet, xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zokuphosa, inokusebenzisa kakuhle izinto ezikrwada, inciphise inkunkuma yezinto ezibangelwa kukusika, izibonelelo zokulungisa, njl.njl., iphucule izinga lokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezikrwada, kwaye inciphise iindleko zemveliso.

3、Izicelo ezithile kwishishini le-solder

(IsiNgesi)1）Inkqubo yemveliso

Kwimveliso ye-solder, inyathelo lokuqala kukuxuba ngokuchanekileyo izithako ze-solder ezifunekayo kwaye wongeze izinto ezilungisiweyo kwi-oven yomatshini we-vacuum ohamba ngokuthe nkqo oqhubekayo. Qalisa inkqubo ye-vacuum, yehlisa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwi-oven ukuya kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo le-vacuum, ngesiqhelo phakathi kwamashumi ee-pascal kunye namakhulu ee-pascal, uze ufudumale kwaye unyibilikise i-solder kwaye ugcine ubushushu obuzinzileyo. Lungisa isantya sokuphosa kunye nomthamo wamanzi okupholisa we-crystallizer ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-solder engamanzi iqina ngokufanayo kwi-crystallizer kwaye ikhutshwa rhoqo, yenze iinkcukacha ezithile ze-solder billet. I-blank icutshungulwa ngokulandelayo ngokuqengqeleka, ukuzoba kunye namanye amanyathelo okucubungula ukuvelisa iimilo ezahlukeneyo kunye neenkcukacha zeemveliso ze-solder, ezifana nocingo lwe-welding, i-welding strip, i-solder paste, njl.njl., ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ze-welding zamacandelo ahlukeneyo.

(IsiNgesi)2）Ukuphucula umgangatho wezinto ezinyibilikisayo

Ukuthatha i-solder engenalo i-Sn Ag Cu esetyenziswa kakhulu kushishino lwe-elektroniki njengomzekelo, xa iveliswa kusetyenziswa umatshini wokuphosa oqhubekekayo we-vacuum othe tyaba, umxholo we-oksijini kwi-solder unokulawulwa ngokungqongqo kwinqanaba eliphantsi kakhulu, kuthintelwe ukungcola okufana ne-tin slag ebangelwa yi-oxidation kwaye kuphuculwe izinga lokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwe-solder. Kwangaxeshanye, ulwakhiwo olufanayo lombutho lwenza i-solder ikwazi ukugcwalisa ngcono izikhewu ezincinci ze-solder ngexesha lenkqubo ye-micro soldering yezinto ze-elektroniki, ukunciphisa iziphene ze-welding ezifana ne-virtual soldering kunye ne-bridging, kunye nokuphucula ukuthembeka kwe-welding kunye nokusebenza kombane kweemveliso ze-elektroniki.

Kwinkqubo yokugquma kwishishini leemoto, kwi-solder esekwe kwi-aluminium enamandla aphezulu, i-solder eveliswa ngumatshini wokugquma ojikelezayo ojikelezayo we-vacuum inamandla angcono kunye nokumelana nokugqwala. Ulwakhiwo lwayo lweenkozo ezifanayo luqinisekisa uzinzo lwe-solder ngexesha lokugquma kwi-high-temperature, enokudibanisa ngokuqinileyo izinto zemoto kwaye iphucule ukusebenza kunye nobomi benkonzo bezinto zemoto.

(IsiNgesi)3）Imizekelo yesicelo

Ishishini elidumileyo lemveliso ye-solder liqaliseumatshini wokuphosa oqhubekayo kwinqanaba le-vacuum, nto leyo enyuse ubunyulu beemveliso zayo ze-tin lead solder ukusuka kwi-98% ukuya ngaphezulu kwe-99.5%, kwaye yanciphisa kakhulu umxholo we-oxide inclusions. Ekusetyenzisweni kwe-welding kwiibhodi zesekethe ze-elektroniki, izinga lokungaphumeleli kwe-welding lehlile ukusuka kwi-5% ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-1%, nto leyo ephucula kakhulu ukhuphiswano lwemarike lwemveliso. Kwangaxeshanye, ngenxa yokuphuculwa kokusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nokunciphisa inkunkuma yezinto ezikrwada, iindleko zemveliso yeshishini zincitshisiwe malunga ne-15%, nto leyo efezekisa iingenelo ezilungileyo kwezoqoqosho nakwezentlalo.

4、Amathuba ophuhliso

Ngophuhliso olukhawulezileyo lwamashishini afana ne-elektroniki, amandla amatsha, kunye nokuveliswa kwezixhobo eziphezulu, iimfuno zomgangatho kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo ze-solder ziya kuqhubeka zisanda. Umatshini we-vacuum othe tyaba oqhubekayo unamathemba amaninzi okusetyenziswa kushishino lwe-solder ngenxa yeenzuzo zawo ezikhethekileyo. Kwixesha elizayo, ngokuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo kwetekhnoloji yokuvelisa izixhobo, inkqubo yawo ye-vacuum iya kusebenza ngakumbi kwaye izinzile, umgangatho wolawulo oluzenzekelayo uya kuphucuka ngakumbi, kwaye ulawulo oluchanekileyo lweparameter yenkqubo lunokufezekiswa, ukuvelisa umgangatho ophezulu kunye neemveliso ze-solder ezenzelwe wena ngakumbi. Okwangoku, ngeemfuno ezingqongqo ngakumbi zokusingqongileyo, iingenelo zoomatshini be-vacuum level continuous casting ekunciphiseni ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokukhutshwa kongcoliseko ziya kuzenza zibe yitekhnoloji ebalulekileyo yokuxhasa uphuhliso oluzinzileyo lweshishini le-solder.

5、 Isiphelo

Ukusetyenziswa komatshini wokuphosa oqhubekekayo we-vacuum othe tyaba kwishishini le-solder kunika isiqinisekiso esinamandla semveliso ye-solder esemgangathweni ophezulu nefanelekileyo. Ngokuphucula ubunyulu be-solder, ukuphucula ulwakhiwo lombutho, ukufikelela kwimveliso eqhubekayo, kunye nokunciphisa iindleko, imfuno ekhulayo ye-solder kwishishini lanamhlanje iye yahlangatyezwa. Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo kunye nokuphuculwa kwetekhnoloji, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwishishini le-solder kuya kuba kubanzi nangakumbi, kukhuthaze uphuhliso lweshishini le-solder ukuya kumgangatho ophezulu, ukusebenza okuphezulu, kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo eluhlaza, kubonelele ngezixhobo zoqhagamshelo ezikumgangatho ophezulu nezithembekileyo kumashishini amaninzi axhomekeke kuqhagamshelo lwe-solder, kunye nokukhuthaza ukuphuculwa kwetekhnoloji kunye nenkqubela phambili yekhonkco lonke leshishini.

Kuphuhliso lwexesha elizayo lweshishini le-solder, amashishini kufuneka aqaphele ngokupheleleyo amandla kunye nexabiso loomatshini bokuphosa abaqhubekayo be-vacuum level, bangenise kwaye basebenzise obu buchwepheshe buphambili, baqinise ubuchule betekhnoloji kunye nokwenza ngcono inkqubo, baphucule ukhuphiswano lwabo lwemarike rhoqo, kwaye bakhuthaze ngokudibeneyo ishishini le-solder ukuba lihambele kwinqanaba elitsha lophuhliso.