Iindaba

Kwishishini lanamhlanje elifuna ukusebenza okuphezulu, ukuphoswa okuqhubekayo kwezinto zesinyithi kumisela ngokuthe ngqo umphezulu wemveliso yokugqibela. Indlela yendabuko yokuphoswa okuqhubekayo yenziwa kwindawo enomoya, kwaye iingxaki ezifana neemveliso zesinyithi ezingaphelelanga nezingenaxesha kunzima ukuziphepha, nto leyo eye yaba yingxaki ethintela uphuhliso lwezinto zesinyithi eziphezulu.

Ngoko ke, ngaba ikho iteknoloji enokuphelisa ngokupheleleyo ezi ziphene ezifana nokuphosa isinyithi 'kwindawo engqongileyo'? Impendulo ngu-ewe - umatshini wokuphosa oqhubekayo we-vacuum. Kwaye indawo yokusetyenziswa komatshini wokuphosa oqhubekayo we-vacuum ibanzi kakhulu.

Yintoni iukucoca okuqhubekayo okungenanto?

Ngamafutshane, i-vacuum continuous casting yinkqubo ephucukileyo efaka isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kwi-crystallizer kwaye ikhupha i-casting billet rhoqo kwindawo ene-vacuum eninzi. Idibanisa iingenelo ezimbini eziphambili ze-"vacuum degassing" kunye ne-"continuous molding" zibe yinto enye:

Indawo yokucoca umoya: isusa ngokupheleleyo impendulo phakathi kwesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kunye neegesi ezifana neoksijini, initrogen, kunye nehydrogen, inciphisa kakhulu ukubola kunye nokufakwa kwe-oxide, kwaye iphucula ubumsulwa, uxinano, kunye neempawu zoomatshini zesinyithi.

Ukwakheka okuqhubekayo: Ifezekisa imveliso engaphazanyiswayo ukusuka kwisinyithi esilulwelo ukuya kwi-solid castings, ngokusebenza kakuhle nangokuzenzekelayo, kwaye inokufumana i-castings ende engenasiphelo enesakhiwo esifanayo kunye nomgangatho ophezulu womphezulu.

Ukuphazamisa amashishini aphi? Intsimi ebanzi yokusetyenziswa komatshini wokuphosa oqhubekayo we-vacuum

Ukusetyenziswa kwale 'artifact' kudlulela ngaphaya kwentsimi yentsimbi yendabuko, kungenisa amandla amatsha kuthotho lwemizi-mveliso yokuvelisa ephezulu.

1. Iialloy ezikhethekileyo kunye neenqwelo-moya
Ukusetyenziswa: Le yeyona ndawo iphambili yokulwa yoomatshini bokuphosa abaqhubekayo be-vacuum. Isetyenziselwa ukuphosa izinto ezineemfuno eziphezulu kakhulu zobumsulwa ezifana nee-alloys zobushushu obuphezulu, ii-alloys ze-titanium, kunye nee-alloys ezichanekileyo. Ezi zinto zibalulekile ekwenzeni ii-blades zeenjini zeenqwelo-moya, izinto ze-rocket engine, kunye neendawo zesakhiwo seenqwelo-moya.
Ixabiso: Amandla okudinwa aphezulu kakhulu kunye nokuzinza kobushushu obuphezulu kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kwenqwelo-moya kwiindawo eziyingozi kakhulu.

2. Ii-implants zonyango ezikumgangatho ophezulu
Ukusetyenziswa: Isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iibhilethi zesinyithi ezihambelana ne-biocompatible ezifana nee-alloys ze-titanium zonyango (ezifana ne-Ti-6Al-4V) kunye nee-alloys ze-chromium ze-cobalt.
Ixabiso: I-billet ephosiweyo icocekile kwaye ayinazo izinto ezingcolileyo, ithintela ukugqwala okanye ii-allergy ze-implants emzimbeni womntu. Kwangaxeshanye, iipropati zayo ezintle zoomatshini zihambelana ngakumbi namathambo abantu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe lukhetho olufanelekileyo lokwenza amalungu okwenziwa, ii-implants zamazinyo, kunye nezikrufu ze-bone plate.

3. IiSemiconductors kunye nolwazi lwe-elektroniki
Ukusetyenziswa: Ukuveliswa kwezinto zokuqhuba eziphezulu ezifana nobhedu olungenaoksijini, ubhedu olucocekileyo kakhulu, kunye nobhedu oluyi-phosphorus deoxidized. Ezi zinto zisisiseko sokwenza ii-crucibles ze-silicon single crystal growth furnace, iifreyimu ze-lead, kunye neethagethi zokutshiza.
Ixabiso: Umxholo weoksijini ophantsi kakhulu kunye nokuqhuba okuphezulu kuqinisekisa uzinzo lwentsimi yobushushu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kothumelo lwangoku ngexesha lenkqubo yokwenziwa kweetshiphusi, okuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kunye nokuveliswa kwetshiphusi.

4. Uphando nophuhliso lwezixhobo ezintsha
Isicelo: Amaziko ophando amakhulu kunye neelabhoratri zezinto eziphathekayo zisebenzisa oomatshini abancinci bokuphosa i-vacuum continuous casting ukuphuhlisa iifomyula ezintsha ze-alloy, ukufunda iinkqubo zokuqinisa, kunye nokwenza imveliso yovavanyo oluncinci.
Ixabiso: Ibonelele ngendlela ephambili yokulungiselela "inyathelo lokuqala" lezinto ezintsha ukusuka kwilebhu ukuya kwimizi-mveliso, ikhawulezisa ukuvela kwezinto ezintsha.

Ngaba yonke into ingadalwa? Zeziphi iimodeli ezinokwenziwaumatshini wokuphosa oqhubekayo ongenanto?

“Imodeli” yomatshini wokuphosa oqhubekayo we-vacuum ayibhekiseli kwiithoyi okanye kwimifanekiso, kodwa ibhekisa kwifom yemveliso ephambili eyenziwe ngqo yiyo, oko kukuthi, i-billet yokucubungula nzulu okulandelayo. Ngokwemilo kunye nendlela yokuzoba ye-crystallizer, inokuvelisa “iimodeli” ezahlukeneyo:

1. Intonga/I-Ingot ejikelezileyo
Inkcazo: Le yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo, inesiqwenga esijikelezayo.
Ukulungiswa okulandelayo: Ingaqhubekeka icutshungulwe ibe ziinxalenye zeshaft, iidiski zeturbine, iimveliso zebar, njl. ngokusebenzisa i-forging, i-rolling, i-turn, kunye nezinye iindlela.

2. I-billet yesikwere/i-ingot ethe tyaba
Inkcazo: Icandelo elinqamlezileyo lisikwere okanye lixande.
Ukulungiswa okulandelayo: okusetyenziselwa kakhulu ukuqengqeleka kwiipleyiti, imicu, kunye neefoyile, sisixhobo sokwakha izikhumba zeenqwelo-moya, iibhodi zonyango, kunye nezixhobo ze-elektroniki.

3. I-billet yepayipi
Inkcazo: Iibhilethi ezineetyhubhu ezingenanto zitsalwa ngqo kwaye ziphoswe kwiikristali eziyilwe ngokukodwa.
Ukulungiswa okulandelayo: Ingasetyenziselwa ukuqengqeleka okubandayo okulandelayo kunye nokutsalwa okubandayo ukuvelisa imibhobho echanekileyo engenamthungo, esetyenziswa kwiindawo ezifana nezixhobo zonyango (ezifana nee-vascular stent blanks), ishishini lenyukliya, kunye nokuthuthwa kolwelo olukhethekileyo.

4. Iiprofayili ezenziwe ngokwezifiso
Inkcazo: Yenza ngokwezifiso iikristali ezineemilo ezithile ezinqamlezileyo ngokweemfuno zabathengi, ukuze uphose iibhilethi ezikufutshane nemo yokugqibela yemveliso ngexesha elinye.
Ukucubungula okulandelayo: Oku kunciphisa kakhulu ubungakanani bokucubungula okwenziwa ngoomatshini okulandelayo, konga iindleko zezinto, kwaye kufanelekile kwimveliso enkulu yeemveliso ezineenxalenye ezithile, ezifana neeprofayili, ii-guide rail blanks, njl.

Umatshini wokuphosa i-vacuum continuous casting awusesisixhobo esibizayo esingafikelelekiyo, kodwa sesinye sezixhobo eziphambili eziqhuba ukuphuculwa kweshishini lokuvelisa elikumgangatho ophezulu. Ukhusela ubunyulu beentsimbi nge-"vacuum" kwaye uchaza imveliso esebenzayo "ngokuqhubekayo". Ekufuneni ukusebenza kwezinto ezisemgangathweni namhlanje, ukukhetha iteknoloji yokuphosa i-vacuum continuous kuthetha ukukhetha umgangatho othembekileyo ngakumbi, ukusebenza okuphezulu, kunye nekamva elinokhuphiswano ngakumbi.
Xa abanye besakhathazwa ziziphene zezinto eziphathekayo, ungenza owakho umqobo wetekhnoloji ngexesha elinye.