Iindaba

Kwimeko yokuvelisa eguqukayo, ishishini lentsimbi lilitye lembombo leziseko ezingundoqo zale mihla kunye nophuhliso. Njengoko imfuno yentsimbi yehlabathi iqhubeka nokukhula, abavelisi bayanda bephendukela kwiiteknoloji ezintsha zokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle, ukunciphisa iindleko kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wemveliso. Phakathi kwezi nkqubela phambili, i-Continuous Casting Machine (CCM) iye yavela njengomtshintshi wegeyimu, ukuguqula inkqubo yokuvelisa intsimbi kunye nokubeka imigangatho emitsha yoshishino.

Qonda iumatshini wokuphosa oqhubekayo

Ukuphosa ngokuqhubekayo yinkqubo eguqula ukuhamba okuqhubekayo kwesinyithi esityhidiweyo kwimveliso yentsimbi eqinileyo ngaphandle kwesidingo seendlela zokuphosa ingot yendabuko. I-casters eqhubekayo idlala indima ephambili kule nkqubo, iphosa intsimbi etyhidiweyo ngokuthe ngqo kwiimilo ezigqityiweyo ezifana ne-slabs, i-blooms kunye neebhilidi. Le ndlela ayenzi lula imveliso kuphela kodwa ikwanciphisa kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nenkcitho yezinto eziphathekayo.

Inkqubo eqhubekayo yokuphosa iqala ngokunyibilikisa izinto eziluhlaza kwisithando sombane se-arc okanye i-oxygen converter. Emva kokuba intsimbi ifikelele kwiqondo lokushisa elifunekayo kunye nokubunjwa, igalelwe kwi-tundish, esebenza njengetanki yokubamba ukutya intsimbi etyhidiweyo kwi-mold casting. Umngundo udla ngokupholiswa ngamanzi, uvumela umaleko wangaphandle wentsimbi ukuba uqine ngelixa isahlulo sangaphakathi sihlala sinyibilikile. Njengoko intsimbi iqina, ikhutshwa ngokuqhubekayo kubungu, kungoko igama elithi “continuous casting.”

Izinto ezilungileyo zomatshini oqhubekayo wokuphosa

Ukuqaliswa kwee-casters eziqhubekayo kwazisa inzuzo eninzi kunye nokuguqulwa kwemveliso yentsimbi:

1. Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle

Oomatshini bokuphosa ngokuqhubekayo basebenza ngokufanelekileyo kuneendlela zokuphosa zendabuko. Ukuhamba ngokuqhubekayo kwentsimbi etyhidiweyo kunciphisa ixesha lokunciphisa kwaye kwandisa imveliso. Oku kusebenza kakuhle kubalulekile ekuhlangabezaneni nemfuno ekhulayo yehlabathi yentsimbi, njengoko abavelisi banokuvelisa izixa ezikhulu zentsimbi ngexesha elincinci.

2. Phucula umgangatho

Inkqubo yokuphosa eqhubekayo yenza ukuba i-microstructure kunye nokubunjwa kwentsimbi ibe yinto efanayo. Oku kuhambelana kuphucula iimpawu zomatshini ezifana namandla kunye ne-ductility, okwenza imveliso yokugqibela ithembeke ngakumbi kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo. Ukongeza, ukunciphisa ukudibanisa kwentsimbi etyhidiweyo kunye nomoya kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokungcola kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wemveliso.

3. Nciphisa inkcitho yezinto eziphathekayo

Iindlela zesiNtu zokuphosa zihlala zikhokelela kwinkunkuma ebalulekileyo ngenxa yesidingo sokucheba kunye nokusebenza ngokutsha ingot. Oomatshini bokuphosa abaqhubekayo, kwelinye icala, bavelisa imilo ekufutshane nenetha efuna ukugqitywa okuncinci. Ukuncitshiswa kwenkunkuma akunciphisi kuphela iindleko zemveliso kodwa kukwanegalelo kwiindlela zokwenziwa kwemveliso ezizinzileyo.

4. Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla

Ukusebenza kwamandla ngumba ophambili kwimveliso yensimbi, kwaye i-casters eqhubekayo ixazulula ngempumelelo le ngxaki. Ukuphosa ngokuqhubekayo kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokubanzi ngokususa imfuno yamanyathelo okucubungula aphakathi afana nokufudumeza kunye nokubuyisela kwakhona. Oku akuncitshi kuphela iindleko zokusebenza kodwa kukwahambelana neenzame zehlabathi zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni evela kwimveliso.

5. Ukuguquguquka nokuguquguquka

Ii-casters eziqhubekayo zanamhlanje zenzelwe ukuhlalisa uluhlu olubanzi lwamabakala ensimbi kunye nobukhulu bemveliso. Oku kuguquguquka kuvumela abavelisi ukuba baphendule ngokukhawuleza kwiimfuno eziguqukayo zemarike kunye nokwenza iimveliso zabo. Ingaba ivelisa intsimbi ephezulu yokuqina kweemoto okanye i-alloys ekhethekileyo yokwakha, oomatshini abaqhubekayo bokuphosa bahlangabezana nayo yonke imfuneko.

Impembelelo kwishishini lentsimbi

Ukuqaliswa kwe-caster eqhubekayo ibe nefuthe elinzulu kwishishini lensimbi, ukubunjwa kwakhona kweendlela zokuvelisa kunye nokuqhuba izinto ezintsha. Njengoko abavelisi besamkela le teknoloji, kuye kwavela iindlela ezininzi eziphambili:

1. Ukuzenzekela kunye neDigitization

Ukudibanisa i-automation kunye neteknoloji yedijithali kwinkqubo yokuphosa eqhubekayo iphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nomgangatho. Ii-sensor eziphezulu kunye neenkqubo zokubeka iliso zibonelela ngedatha yexesha langempela malunga nobushushu, ukuhamba kunye neepateni zokuqinisa, okuvumela abaqhubi ukuba benze izigqibo ezinolwazi kunye nokwandisa iiparitha zokuvelisa. Eli nqanaba lokuzenzekelayo aliphuculi nje ukuhambelana, linciphisa umngcipheko wephutha lomntu.

2. Amanyathelo oPhuhliso oluZinzileyo

Ngokukhathazeka okukhulayo malunga nefuthe lokusingqongileyo, imboni yensimbi igxininisa ngakumbi ekuzinzeni. I-caster eqhubekayo inegalelo kule nzame ngokunciphisa inkunkuma kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla. Ukongeza, abavelisi baphonononga iindlela zokubandakanya izinto ezihlaziyiweyo kwinkqubo yokuphosa eqhubekayo ukuze banciphise ngakumbi i-carbon footprint.

3. Ukhuphiswano lwehlabathi

Njengoko amazwe ehlabathi ezama ukuphucula amandla awo okuvelisa, ukwamkelwa koomatshini bokuphosa ngokuqhubekayo kube yinto ephambili ekugcineni ukhuphiswano lwehlabathi. Amazwe atyala imali kubugcisa bemveliso yentsimbi ephucukileyo akwazi ngcono ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zasekhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe, aqhubele phambili ukukhula koqoqosho nokudala imisebenzi.

4. Uphando kunye noPhuhliso

Inkqubo eqhubekayo yokuphosa yindawo yophando olusebenzayo kunye nophuhliso, kunye neenzame eziqhubekayo zokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, ukunciphisa iindleko kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wemveliso. Izinto ezintsha ezinje ngoyilo oluphambili lokungunda, iindlela zokupholisa eziphuculweyo kunye neengoma ezintsha zealloy ziyaphononongwa ukutyhala imida yemveliso yentsimbi.

Imingeni kunye namathemba ekamva

Nangona i-casters eqhubekayo iguqule imveliso yentsimbi, imingeni isekhona. Utyalo-mali lokuqala olufunekayo kubuchwephesha obuqhubekileyo bokuphosa bunokubaluleka, bubeke umqobo kwabanye abavelisi. Ukongeza, imfuno yabasebenzi abanezakhono abanokulawula nokugcina ezi nkqubo zinzima zibalulekile kwimpumelelo.

Ukujonga kwikamva, ikamva labalingisi abaqhubekayo liqaqambile. Njengoko iteknoloji iqhubela phambili, abavelisi banokulindela uphuculo olongezelelweyo ekusebenzeni, umgangatho kunye nokuzinza. Ukudibanisa ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa kunye nokufunda komatshini kwiinkqubo eziqhubekayo zokuphosa kunokukhokelela ekuphuculeni okukhulu kunye nobuchule bokuqikelela, ukuvumela uhlengahlengiso olusebenzayo lweeparamitha zemveliso.

ukuququmbela

Akukho kuyiphika loo ntocasters okuqhubekayobaye batshintsha indawo yemveliso yentsimbi, enika uluhlu lweenzuzo ezonyusa ukusebenza kakuhle, umgangatho kunye nokuzinza. Njengoko ishishini liqhubeka nokuvela, abaqhubi abaqhubekayo baya kubaluleka ngakumbi ekuhlangabezaneni neemfuno zehlabathi eliguquka ngokukhawuleza. Ngokwamkela ukutsha kunye nokutyala imali kubuchwepheshe obuphambili, abavelisi banokuphumelela kwimarike yentsimbi yehlabathi ekhuphisana kakhulu kwaye baqinisekise ukuba bahlala bephambili kwimveliso yanamhlanje.