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Isihloko: Ukuqonda Ukubaluleka Kokunyibilikisa Iintsimbi ZesinyithiIsithando somlilo sokunyibilikisa i-Vacuum Induction

Inkqubo yokunyibilikisa idlala indima ebalulekileyo xa kuveliswa ii-alloys zesinyithi ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Ukunyibilikisa kubandakanya ukukhupha iintsimbi kwi-ore kunye nokudala ii-alloys ngokudibanisa izinto ezahlukeneyo zesinyithi. Enye yezona ndlela ziphambili zokunyibilikisa ii-alloys zesinyithi kukusebenzisa ii-oven zokutshisa i-vacuum induction (VIM). Le teknoloji intsha inikezela ngeenzuzo ezininzi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe sisixhobo esibalulekileyo ekuveliseni ii-alloys zesinyithi ezahlukeneyo.

Ngoko ke, zeziphi iintlobo zeentsimbi ezifunekayo ukunyibilikiswa kwi-aisithando somlilo sokunyibilikisa i-vacuumUkuze uphendule lo mbuzo, kubalulekile ukuqonda iimpawu ezizodwa zesithando seVIM kunye neemfuno ezithile zee-alloys zesinyithi ezahlukeneyo.

Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukubaluleka kokusebenza kwindawo engenamoya xa kunyibilikiswa ii-alloys zesinyithi ezithile. Ukugcina igumbi le-vacuum lingenamoya kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo kubalulekile ukuthintela i-oxidation kunye nongcoliseko ngexesha lenkqubo yokunyibilikisa. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwii-alloys ezisabela kakhulu okanye ezithambekele ekubunjweni kwe-oxide xa zichatshazelwe emoyeni.

Olunye uhlobo lwentsimbi exutyiweyo engenelwa kukunyibilikiswa kwisithando sokunyibilikisa i-vacuum yintsimbi eshushu kakhulu. Ezi zinto ziphambili zaziwa ngamandla azo angaqhelekanga, ukumelana nokugqwala kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kobushushu obuphezulu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zibe yimfuneko kumashishini afana ne-aerospace, ukuveliswa kwamandla kunye nokucubungula iikhemikhali. Iintsimbi ezishushu kakhulu zihlala ziqulathe indibaniselwano ye-nickel, i-cobalt, isinyithi kunye nezinye izinto, kwaye imveliso yazo ifuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwenkqubo yokunyibilikisa ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimpawu zezinto ezifunwayo ziyafezekiswa. Ngokusebenzisa isithando se-VIM, abavelisi banokususa ukungcola ngempumelelo kwaye bagcine ukuthembeka kwentsimbi, nto leyo ephumela kwiipropati eziphezulu zoomatshini kunye nobushushu.

Ukongeza kwii-alloys ezishushu kakhulu, ezinye iintsimbi ezikhethekileyo zikwafuna ukusetyenziswa kwezitofu zokunyibilikisa i-vacuum induction ukuze zinyibilikise. Umzekelo, intsimbi engagqwali yaziwa ngokuxhathisa kwayo ukugqwala kunye nokufaka idayi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe lukhetho oluthandwayo lokusetyenziswa kumashishini okutya neziselo, amayeza kunye neekhemikhali. Ukunyibilikisa intsimbi engagqwali kwindawo engenamoya kunceda ukunciphisa ubukho bokungcola okuyingozi njengesulfure kunye ne-phosphorus, okunokuphazamisa ukumelana nokugqwala kwezinto. Ngenxa yoko, intsimbi engagqwali egqityiweyo inobunyulu kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu, ihlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zezicelo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino.

Ukongeza, amacandelo eenqwelo moya kunye nezokhuselo axhomekeke ekuvelisweni kwee-alloys ze-titanium, ezibonelela ngomlinganiselo ogqwesileyo wokuqina-ubunzima kunye nokumelana nokugqwala okugqwesileyo. Ukunyibilikisa ii-alloys ze-titanium kwii-oven ezinyibilikisa i-vacuum induction kubalulekile ekufezekiseni ubunyulu obuphezulu kunye nokufana okufunekayo kwiindawo zeenqwelo moya ezifana neenjini zeenqwelo moya kunye nezinto zokwakha. Amandla okulawula ukwakheka kunye nesakhiwo se-alloys ze-titanium ngetekhnoloji ye-VIM aqinisekisa ukuba imveliso yokugqibela ihlangabezana nemigangatho yokusebenza engqongqo kunye nokuthembeka kwiindawo zeenqwelo moya ezifuna amandla.

Ukongeza kule mizekelo ithile, ezinye ii-alloys zesinyithi ezininzi, kuquka iintsimbi zezixhobo, iintsimbi ezikhawulezayo, kunye nee-alloys zemagnethi, zinokuzuza ngokuchanekileyo kunye nobunyulu obubonelelwa kukunyibilika kwesithando somlilo esinyibilikisa i-vacuum induction. Amandla okulungelelanisa inkqubo yokunyibilikisa ngokweemfuno ezizodwa ze-alloy nganye avumela abavelisi ukuba bavelise rhoqo izixhobo ezineempawu zoomatshini, zobushushu kunye nezekhemikhali ezifunekayo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zamashishini ahlukeneyo.

Ngamafutshane, ukunyibilikisa ii-alloys zesinyithi kwii-vacuum induction melting furnaces kubalulekile ekufezekiseni amanqanaba aphezulu okucoceka, ukufana kunye nolawulo olufunekayo kwizinto eziphambili. Nokuba zii-superalloys zokusetyenziswa kobushushu obugqithisileyo, intsimbi engagqwaliyo yezinto ezichasene nokugqwala, okanye ii-alloys ze-titanium kwiinkqubo zeenqwelo-moya kunye nokhuselo, amandla etekhnoloji ye-VIM adlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuhlangabezaneni neemfuno ezingqongqo zoshishino lwanamhlanje. Ngokuqonda ukubaluleka kokunyibilikisa kwindawo engenamoya kunye neemfuno ezithile zee-alloys zesinyithi ezahlukeneyo, abavelisi banokusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo amandla ee-VIM furnaces ukuvelisa izixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezulu eziqhuba ubuchule kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo.