I-Smelt Oven Induction Speedy Melting 6kg 8kg 10kg 15kg 20kg Manual Tilting Gold Smelting Furnace

1. Intshayelelo

Iintsimbi ezixabisekileyo, ezifana negolide, isilivere, iplatinum, kunye nepalladium, zineempawu ezizodwa zomzimba nezekhemikhali ezenza zibe luncedo kakhulu kumashishini ahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ubucwebe, izixhobo ze-elektroniki, kunye noogqirha bamazinyo. Inkqubo yokunyibilikisa iintsimbi ezixabisekileyo ifuna izixhobo ezichanekileyo nezisebenzayo ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso yokugqibela kunye nokunciphisa ukulahleka kwezinto. Phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeefeni zokunyibilikisa, ifeni yokunyibilikisa i-tilting induction ivele njengokhetho oluhle kakhulu lokunyibilikisa iintsimbi ezixabisekileyo, inikezela ngeenzuzo ezahlukeneyo kunezinye iindlela zokunyibilikisa zendabuko.

2. Umgaqo-nkqubo Wokusebenza Wokunyibilikisa Izithando Zokunyibilikisa Izinto Ezishushu

2.1 Umgaqo wokuFudumeza i-Induction

Ukufudumeza i-induction kusekelwe kumgaqo wokungenisa i-electromagnetic. Xa i-alternating current (AC) idlula kwi-coil (inductor), i-magnetic field etshintshayo iveliswa ijikeleze i-coil. Ukuba i-conductive metal charge ibekwe ngaphakathi kweli magnetic field, i-induced electromotive force (emf) iveliswa kwi-metal. Ngokomthetho ka-Ohm, le-induced emf ibangela ukuba i-induced current (eddy current) ihambe ngaphakathi kwi-metal. Ukuxhathisa kwe-metal ukuhamba kwezi-eddy currents kubangela ukuveliswa kobushushu, njengoko kuchaziwe yi-formula Q = I^{2}Rt, apho u-Q bubushushu obuveliswayo, u-I ngumbane, u-R ngumbane, kwaye u-t lixesha. Olu bushushu lusetyenziselwa ukunyibilikisa i-metal.

2.2 Indlela yokuthambekisa

Uphawu lokuthambeka kwesithando sokunyibilikisa i-induction luyilo olongezelelweyo loomatshini. Umzimba wesithando ufakwe kwindlela yokuthambeka evumela ukuba sithambeke kwi-engile ethile. Lo msebenzi wokuthambeka ubalulekile ekuthululweni kwesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo okuthambileyo. Xa isinyithi sinyibilikisiwe ngokupheleleyo, isithando sinokuthambeka, kwaye isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo sinokugalelwa kwiimold okanye kwezinye izikhongozeli ngokuchanekileyo, nto leyo ibaluleke kakhulu ekunyibilikiseni izinyithi ezixabisekileyo apho ukuthululwa ngokuchanekileyo kuyimfuneko ukuphepha inkunkuma nokuqinisekisa umgangatho weemveliso ezibunjiweyo.

3. Iingenelo zokuTyibiliza iiFurnaces zokunyibilikisa i-Induction kwi-Precious Metals Smelting

3.1 Ukunyibilika kobunyulu obuphezulu

3.1.1 Ungcoliseko oluNciphisiweyo

Kwizinto ezixabisekileyo zokunyibilikisa isinyithi, ukugcina ubunyulu obuphezulu kubaluleke kakhulu. Iindlela zemveli zokunyibilikisa isinyithi, ezifana nezinye izitofu ezitshiswayo ngepetroli, zinokungenisa izinto ezingcolisayo kwisinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo. Umzekelo, ukutsha kwamafutha efosili kwizitofu ezitshiswayo ngepetroli kunokukhupha isalfure, i-nitrogen oxides, kunye nezinto ezincinci. Ezi zinto zinokusabela kwiintsimbi ezixabisekileyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokunyibilikisa, nto leyo ekhokelela ekudalweni kokungcola. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ukunyibilikisa isinyithi kwisithando sokuthambekela kusebenzisa i-electromagnetic induction ukufudumeza, kususa imfuneko yemithombo yobushushu esekwe ekutshisweni. Ngenxa yoko, kukho umngcipheko omncinci kakhulu wokungcola okuvela kwimithombo yangaphandle, okuqinisekisa ukuba izinyithi ezixabisekileyo zihlala zikwimeko yobunyulu obuphezulu ngexesha lenkqubo yokunyibilikisa.

3.1.2 Ulawulo lobushushu oluchanekileyo

Iintsimbi ezixabisekileyo zihlala zineendawo ezithile zokunyibilika kwaye zifuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu ngexesha lokunyibilika. Ii-induction melting furnaces zixhotyiswe ngeenkqubo zolawulo lobushushu eziphambili. Ezi nkqubo zinokuqonda ngokuchanekileyo ubushushu besinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kwaye zilungise igalelo lombane kwi-inductor ngokufanelekileyo. Umzekelo, iplatinum ine-melting point emalunga ne-1768 °C. Ngolawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu lwe-induction melting furnace enyibilikisayo, ubushushu bungagcinwa ngaphakathi koluhlu oluncinci kakhulu olukufutshane nale ndawo yokunyibilika. Oku akuqinisekisi nje kuphela ukunyibilika ngokupheleleyo kwesinyithi kodwa kukwathintela ukufudumeza okugqithisileyo, okunokubangela i-oxidation okanye ezinye iinguqu zeekhemikhali ezinokunciphisa ubumsulwa besinyithi esixabisekileyo.

3.2 Ukonga Amandla

3.2.1 Ubushushu obuphezulu bokungenisa ubushushu

Ukufudumeza okwenziwa kwii-oven ezithambekileyo kudla ngokusebenza kwii-frequency eziphezulu. Ukufudumeza okwenziwa ngee-frequency eziphezulu kunokuguqula amandla ombane abe ngamandla obushushu. Intsimi ye-electromagnetic eveliswa yi-frequency ephezulu kwi-inductor inokungena nzulu kwitshaja yesinyithi, ibangele ukuba isinyithi sifudumale ngokukhawuleza ngaphakathi. Le ndlela yokufudumeza yangaphakathi isebenza kakuhle kakhulu kuneendlela zokufudumeza zangaphandle, ezifana nokufudumeza okukhazimlayo kwezinye ii-oven zemveli. Ukufudumeza okukhawulezileyo kunciphisa ixesha elifunekayo lokunyibilikisa iintsimbi ezixabisekileyo, nto leyo enciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokubanzi. Umzekelo, xa kuthelekiswa nezinye ii-oven ezisebenzisa igesi, ii-oven ezisebenzisa i-induction melting zingonga ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30 - 50% yamandla ngexesha lenkqubo yokunyibilikisa iintsimbi ezixabisekileyo.

3.3.2 Ukugalela Okuthambileyo

Umsebenzi wokuthambeka kwesithando udlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwandiseni imveliso. Nje ukuba isinyithi esixabisekileyo sinyibilikisiwe, ukuthambeka okugudileyo nokulawulwayo kwesithando kuvumela ukuthululwa kwesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo kwizibumba. Oku kunciphisa ixesha phakathi kokunyibilika nokuthululwa, kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuqina kwesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kwisithando kwaye kuphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yemveliso. Ukongeza, ukuthululwa ngokuchanekileyo okuvunyelwe yindlela yokuthambeka kuqinisekisa ukuba isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo sizalisa izibumba ngokulinganayo, kunciphisa isidingo sokunyibilika kwakhona okanye ukucubungula emva kokuthungwa ngenxa yokuthungwa okungaphelelanga okanye okungalinganiyo.

3.4 Ukuguquguquka kunye nokuguquguquka kwezinto

3.4.1 Ukunyibilikisa Isinyithi Esixabisekileyo Okwahlukeneyo

Izithando zokunyibilikisa i-induction zokunyibilikisa zingasetyenziselwa ukunyibilikisa iintlobo ngeentlobo zeentsimbi ezixabisekileyo, kuquka igolide, isilivere, iplatinum, kunye ne-palladium. Nganye kwezi ntsimbi zixabisekileyo inamanqaku ahlukeneyo okunyibilikisa, iimpawu zeekhemikhali, kunye neemfuno zokunyibilikisa. Amandla ahlengahlengiswayo kunye neenkqubo zokulawula ubushushu ze-induction melting furnace zinokwenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuze zihlangabezane neemfuno ezithile zeentsimbi ezahlukeneyo ezixabisekileyo. Umzekelo, xa kunyibilikiswa isilivere (indawo yokunyibilikisa ejikeleze i-962 °C), useto lwamandla kunye nobushushu lunokulungiswa ngokufanelekileyo, ngelixa kwi-platinum (enenqanaba lokunyibilikisa eliphezulu kakhulu), i-furnace ingasetwa ukuba isebenze kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye namanqanaba ombane. Oku kuguquguquka kwenza i-induction melting furnace ibe sisisombululo esinye sokunyibilikisa iintsimbi ezahlukeneyo ezixabisekileyo kwindawo enye yemveliso.

3.4.2 Ubungakanani bokutshaja obahlukeneyo

Ezi zitofu zifumaneka ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo, nto leyo evumela ukunyibilikiswa kweentsimbi ezixabisekileyo ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo. Nokuba yimveliso yobucwebe encinci efuna ukunyibilikiswa kweegram ezimbalwa zeentsimbi ezixabisekileyo okanye umsebenzi omkhulu wokunyibilikisa isinyithi kwimizi-mveliso ojongene neekhilogram zeentsimbi ezixabisekileyo, kukho isithando sokunyibilikisa esifanelekileyo sokujika. Izitofu ezincinci zidla ngokusetyenziswa kwiindawo zokusebenzela ubucwebe, apho ukuchaneka kunye nokuveliswa kwebhetshi encinci kubalulekile. Izitofu ezinkulu kwimizi-mveliso zinokuphatha izitye ezininzi ezixabisekileyo, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zamashishini afana nokuvelisa izinto ze-elektroniki, ezifuna isixa esikhulu sezitye ezixabisekileyo ezicocekileyo kakhulu kwimveliso yezinto.

3.5 Ukhuseleko kunye noBulungisa kwiNdalo

3.5.1 Ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo

Ii-induction melting furnitures zenzelwe iimpawu ezininzi zokhuseleko. Inkqubo yokufudumeza ye-electromagnetic induction ayibandakanyi amalangatye avulekileyo, inciphisa umngcipheko womlilo kunye nokuqhuma xa kuthelekiswa nee-inductions ezisebenzisa amafutha. Ukongeza, i-induction ixhotyiswe ngokhuseleko oluphezulu kubushushu, ukhuseleko lokuvuza, kunye nezinye izixhobo zokhuseleko. Umzekelo, ukuba ubushushu be-induction budlula umda obekiweyo, umbane uya kunqunyulwa ngokuzenzekelayo ukuthintela umonakalo kwizixhobo kunye neengozi ezinokubakho zokhuseleko. Indlela yokuthambekisa ikwanazo nezikhiye zokhuseleko kunye nezitshintshi zomda ukuqinisekisa ukuba umsebenzi wokuthambekisa wenziwa kakuhle nangokukhuselekileyo.

3.5.2 Ukunciphisa Ukukhutshwa Kwegesi

Ekubeni izithando zokunyibilikisa ezithi tilting induction zingaxhomekekanga ekutshisweni kwamafutha efosili, zivelisa ukukhutshwa okuncinci kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nezithando zemveli ezitshayelwa ngamafutha. Azikhuphi ukungcola okufana ne-sulfur dioxide (SO_{2}), i-nitrogen oxides (NO_{x}), kunye nezinto ezincinci. Oku akuncedi nje kuphela kokusingqongileyo kodwa nakwimpilo yabasebenzi kwiziko lokunyibilikisa. Ukongeza, ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kwezi zithando kuthetha ukuba kusetyenziswa amandla amancinci, nto leyo enciphisa umngcipheko wekhabhoni onxulumene nenkqubo yokunyibilikisa, inegalelo kwimizamo yehlabathi yokulwa notshintsho lwemozulu.

4. Izifundo zeMeko kunye nezicelo zoShishino

4.1 Ishishini lezinto zobucwebe

Kwishishini lobucwebe, umgangatho kunye nobunyulu beentsimbi ezixabisekileyo zibaluleke kakhulu. Abavelisi abaninzi bezinto zobucwebe abakumgangatho ophezulu basebenzisa izithando zokunyibilikisa igolide, isilivere kunye neplatinum. Umzekelo, uphawu lobucwebe oludumileyo e-Itali luxele ukuba emva kokutshintshela kwisithando sokunyibilikisa igolide, umgangatho wezinto zabo zobucwebe zegolide uphucuke kakhulu. Ukunyibilikisa ubunyulu obuphezulu kuqinisekisa ukuba igolide igcina ukukhanya kwayo nombala wayo ixesha elide. Isantya sokunyibilika ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuthululwa ngokuchanekileyo kukwavumela uyilo lobucwebe oluntsonkothileyo noluneenkcukacha, njengoko isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo sinokuthululwa ngokuchanekileyo kwiimolds ezintsonkothileyo.

4.2 Ishishini lee-elektroniki

Ishishini le-elektroniki lifuna iintsimbi ezixabisekileyo ezicocekileyo kakhulu ukuvelisa izinto ezifana nezihlanganisi, iibhodi zesekethe, kunye neesensa. I-Palladium kunye neplatinum zihlala zisetyenziswa kwezi zicelo ngenxa yokuqhuba kwazo umbane okugqwesileyo kunye nokumelana nokugqwala. Umenzi we-elektroniki ophambili eJapan usebenzise ii-tilting induction melting furnitures zokunyibilikisa ezi ntsimbi zixabisekileyo. Ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kwesithando kunciphise iindleko zabo zemveliso, ngelixa ukunyibilika okuphezulu kwe-fluorescent kuphucule ukusebenza kunye nokuthembeka kweemveliso zabo ze-elektroniki. Ukuguquguquka kwesithando somlilo ukuphatha ubungakanani obahlukeneyo betshaja kukwahlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zemveliso yeshishini le-elektroniki, ukusuka kwimveliso yeprototype encinci ukuya kwimveliso enkulu.

5. Isiphelo

Ukuqukumbela, izithando zokunyibilikisa ezithilisiweyo zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi zokunyibilikisa izinyithi ezixabisekileyo. Amandla azo okunyibilikisa acocekileyo kakhulu, ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, isantya sokunyibilikisa esikhawulezayo, ukuguquguquka, kunye neempawu zokhuseleko zenza ukuba zibe lukhetho olufanelekileyo kumashishini asebenza ngeenyithi ezixabisekileyo. Njengoko imfuno yeemveliso zesinyithi ezixabisekileyo ezisemgangathweni ophezulu iqhubeka nokukhula kumashishini ahlukeneyo afana nobucwebe, izixhobo ze-elektroniki, kunye noogqirha bamazinyo, ukusetyenziswa kwezithando zokunyibilikisa ezithilisiweyo kulindeleke ukuba kusasazeke ngakumbi. Uphando olongezelelweyo kunye nophuhliso kule ndawo lunokukhokelela kuyilo lwezithando zokunyibilikisa ezithilisiweyo eziphucukileyo nezisebenzayo, ukuphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nomgangatho weenkqubo zokunyibilikisa izinyithi ezixabisekileyo.