Iindaba

Kwicandelo lokucubungula igolide nesilivere, ngokwesiko, ukupolisha kudla ngokuxhomekeka ekwenzeni umphezulu wegolide nesilivere ukhanye kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngoncedo lwe-umatshini wokuphosa i-ingot ye-vacuum, singahlola ezinye iindlela ezikhethekileyo ezinokufezekisa le mpembelelo ngaphandle kokuyipolisha. Oku akupheleli nje ekwenzeni lula ukuhamba kwenkqubo, kodwa kukwanciphisa iindleko ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile, ngelixa kufezekisa iziphumo ezingcono zomphezulu.

1.Ukuhlola imigaqo

Kwimeko yokungabinanto, inkqubo yokuqina kweentsimbi itshintsha kakhulu. Umatshini wokuphosa i-vacuum ingot unokunciphisa kakhulu impembelelo yokungcola kunye neegesi emoyeni kwigolide nesilivere enyibilikayo. Xa igolide nesilivere ziqina kwindawo ephantse ingabinanto, inkqubo yazo yokwenza ikristale iba yifana kwaye ixinene. Olu lwakhiwo lwekristale olufanayo noluxineneyo lubeka isiseko sokukhanya kwendalo kwegolide nesilivere. Xa kuthelekiswa nokuqina kwindawo eqhelekileyo, imeko yokungabinanto inciphisa iziphene zomphezulu ezibangelwa kukufakwa kwegesi kunye nokunamathela kokungcola, okwenza umgangatho omncinci womphezulu wegolide nesilivere ube bushelelezi kwaye uthambile. Ukukhanya kunokubonakalisa kwaye kukhanye kakuhle kumphezulu wawo, ngaloo ndlela kubonakalisa ukukhanya okuthandekayo.

2.Amanyathelo okusebenza

(IsiNgesi)1）Umsebenzi wokulungiselela

Ukukhetha izinto eziluhlaza: Qinisekisa ukuba kusetyenziswa izinto eziluhlaza zegolide nezesilivere ezicocekileyo kakhulu. Ukungcola okugqithisileyo kunokuchaphazela kakhulu isiphumo sokugqibela se-surface gloss. Umzekelo, izinto eziluhlaza zegolide nezesilivere ezinobunyulu be-99.99% nangaphezulu zinokunciphisa iziphene zomphezulu ezibangelwa bubumdaka.

Ukuhlolwa kwezixhobo: Yenza uhlolo olupheleleyo lomatshini wokuphosa i-vacuum ingot, kuquka nokuba inkqubo ye-vacuum ingafikelela kwinqanaba elichaziweyo le-vacuum, nokuba isixhobo sokufudumeza sisebenza kakuhle, nokuba i-ingot mold ilungile kwaye icocekile na. Ukuba kukho ukuvuza kwinkqubo ye-vacuum, kuya kubangela ukuba umoya ungene kwaye kuchaphazele imeko yokuqina kwesinyithi; Isixhobo sokufudumeza esingaqhelekanga sinokubangela ukunyibilika kwegolide nesilivere okungalinganiyo; Ukuba kukho ukungcola okanye umonakalo kwi-ingot mold, kuya kubangela ukungalingani kumphezulu we-ingot.

(IsiNgesi)2）Ukunyibilikisa igolide nesilivere

Ukulayisha: Beka ngononophelo izinto ezikrwada zegolide nezesilivere ezikhethiweyo kwisitsha somatshini wokuphosa i-vacuum. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokulayisha, kuyimfuneko ukuphepha ukungqubana phakathi kwezinto ezikrwada kunye nodonga lwesitsha, olunokuvelisa inkunkuma. Kwangaxeshanye, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba izinto ezikrwada zibekwe embindini wesitsha sokubhaka ukuqinisekisa ukufudumeza ngokulinganayo.

Ukupompa nge-vacuum: Vala ucango lwesithando somlilo somatshini wokuphosa i-ingot uze uqalise inkqubo yokuphosa i-vacuum. Khupha umoya kancinci ngaphakathi komatshini wokuphosa i-ingot uze ulawule iqondo lokuphosa i-vacuum ngaphakathi kobubanzi be-10⁻³-10⁻⁵Ngokwendlela esebenza ngayo izixhobo. Eli nqanaba le-vacuum linokunciphisa ngempumelelo ungcoliseko lweoksijini, i-nitrogen kunye nezinye iigesi emoyeni ukuya kwigolide nesilivere ezinyibilikayo.

Ukufudumeza nokunyibilikisa: Vula isixhobo sokufudumeza uze ufudumeze ngesantya esifanelekileyo sokufudumeza ngokweempawu zenqanaba lokunyibilikisa legolide nesilivere. Umzekelo, iqondo lokunyibilikisa legolide limalunga ne-1064℃, kwaye iqondo lokunyibilika kwesilivere limalunga ne-961℃Xa usondela kwinqanaba lokunyibilika, izinga lokufudumeza kufuneka lincitshiswe ngokufanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukunyibilika okufanayo kwegolide nesilivere kwaye kuthintelwe ubushushu obugqithisileyo kwindawo ethile. Emva kokuba igolide nesilivere zinyibilikiswe ngokupheleleyo zibe yimeko yolwelo, gcina ubushushu obungaguqukiyo kangangexesha elithile ukuze ukwakheka kokunyibilika kufane ngakumbi.

(IsiNgesi)3）Ukubumba i-Ingot

1. Ukulungiswa komngundo: Fudumeza i-ingot mold ngelixa igolide nesilivere zinyibilika. Ubushushu bokufudumeza buhlala bulawulwa phakathi kwe-100-200℃, kwaye ubushushu obuthile bungalungiswa ngokweemfuno zezinto zokubumba kunye ne-ingot yegolide neyesilivere. Injongo yokufudumeza kwangaphambili kukwenza ubushushu bokubumba bufane kwaye kuthintelwe uxinzelelo olubangelwa kukwahluka okukhulu kobushushu xa kugalelwa igolide nesilivere enyibilikayo kwi-ingot, nto leyo echaphazela umgangatho we-ingot.

2. Ukuphosa: Xa igolide nesilivere zinyibilika zifikelela kubushushu obufanelekileyo bokunyibilika, zigalelwa kancinci nangokulinganayo kwi-ingot mold esandul’ ukufakelwa ngesixhobo sokunyibilika somatshini wokunyibilika we-ingot. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokunyibilika, kufuneka kugcinwe isantya sokuhamba esizinzileyo ukuze kuthintelwe ukuxinana nokuthintela umoya ukuba ungatsalwa yi-melt.

3.Ulawulo lokuqina:Xa igolide nesilivere zinyibilika kwi-ingot mold ziqala ukuqina, isantya sokuqina sinokulawulwa ngokulungelelanisa inkqubo yokupholisa yomatshini wokuphosa i-ingot. Ngokubanzi, izinga lokuqina elicothayo nelilinganayo linceda ekwakheni isakhiwo sekristale esixineneyo. Umzekelo, indibaniselwano yokupholisa kwendalo kunye nokupholisa komoya okuphakathi ingasetyenziselwa ukuqinisa i-ingot kancinci nangokulinganayo ukusuka kumphezulu ukuya ngaphakathi.

3.Ukulumkela

1. Lawula ngokungqongqo iiparameter zokusingqongileyo:Kuyo yonke le nkqubo, kuyimfuneko ukujonga ngokungqongqo iiparameter ezifana nomgangatho we-vacuum, ubushushu, kunye nexesha. Nakuphi na ukuphambuka kwiparameter kunokuba nefuthe elibi kwisiphumo sokugqibela se-surface gloss. Umzekelo, i-vacuum enganeleyo inokubangela ukuba igesi ixubane, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho imingxunya kumphezulu we-ingot; Ulawulo olungafanelekanga lobushushu lunokukhokelela kwisakhiwo sekristale esirhabaxa okanye esingalinganiyo.

2. Iimfuno zezakhono zabaqhubi: Abaqhubi kufuneka babe namava amaninzi ekusebenzenioomatshini bokuphosa i-vacuum ingotkunye nokuqonda okunzulu iteknoloji yokucubungula igolide nesilivere. Kwinkqubo yokusebenza, kuyimfuneko ukukwazi ukugweba ngokuchanekileyo iimeko ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuthatha amanyathelo okuphendula ngexesha elifanelekileyo nachanekileyo.

3. Ukugcinwa rhoqo kwezixhobo:Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba umatshini wokuphosa i-vacuum ingot uhlala usebenza kakuhle, kuyimfuneko ukugcina izixhobo rhoqo. Kubandakanya ukucoca inkqubo ye-vacuum, ukuhlola izinto zokufudumeza, ukulinganisa ii-temperature sensors, njl.njl., ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke izalathisi zokusebenza kwezixhobo ziyahlangabezana neemfuno.

Ngokusebenzisa uthotho lwemisebenzi kumatshini wokuphosa i-vacuum okhankanywe apha ngasentla, umphezulu wegolide nesilivere unokukhupha ukukhanya okuthandekayo ngaphandle kokudlula kwiinkqubo zokupholisha zendabuko. Le ndlela ibonelela ngendlela entsha kunye nokukhetha inkqubo kushishino lokucubungula igolide nesilivere, olunceda ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nomgangatho wemveliso.