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Kwinkqubo ende yophuhliso lweshishini lokucubungula igolide nesilivere, ukusebenza kakuhle bekusoloko kuyinto ephambili ethintela ukuphuculwa nophuhliso lwemizi-mveliso.izixhobo zokucubungula igolide nesiliverekunye neendlela ziye zatyhila kancinci kancinci iingxaki ezininzi xa kujongwa ukukhula kwemfuno yemarike kunye nokhuphiswano oluqatha ngakumbi kushishino. Ukuvela koomatshini bokuphosa igolide nesilivere nge-vacuum kufana nenkwenkwezi entsha eqaqambileyo, kuzisa ukukhanya okutsha kushishino lokucubungula igolide nesilivere kwaye kutshintsha kancinci kancinci imigangatho yokusebenza kakuhle kushishino.

Ingxaki yokucubungula igolide nesilivere ngendlela yendabuko: iingxaki zokusebenza kakuhle kunye neenkxalabo zomgangatho

Ngaphambi kokufika koomatshini bokuphosa igolide nesilivere nge-vacuum, iindlela zemveli zokucubungula igolide nesilivere zazineengxaki ezininzi ezibalulekileyo. Ngokwembono yenkqubo yokunyibilikisa, ama-oven aqhelekileyo kunzima ukulawula ngokuchanekileyo ubushushu kunye nokusingqongileyo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekufakweni lula kokungcola kwigolide nesilivere ngexesha lenkqubo yokunyibilikisa, okuchaphazela ubunyulu bemveliso yokugqibela. Umzekelo, kwezinye iiworkshop ezincinci zokucubungula igolide nesilivere, ngenxa yezixhobo ezisisiseko, ngexesha lenkqubo yokunyibilikisa, igolide nesilivere zisabela kwizinto ezifana neoksijini emoyeni ukuvelisa ii-oxide, nto leyo ebangela ukwehla kobunyulu begolide nesilivere. Oku akunciphisi nje ixabiso lemveliso, kodwa kunokubangela iingxaki zomgangatho ekucutshungulweni okulandelayo.

Kwinkqubo yokuphosa, ukusebenza kakuhle kweendlela zemveli kuphantsi nangakumbi. Ukusebenzisa iimold eziqhelekileyo zokuphosa, ixesha lokuphola lide, kwaye ukuchaneka kobume kunye nobukhulu bokuphosa kunzima ukuqinisekisa. Njengezinye ii-ingots zegolide nezesilivere ezimile ngendlela entsonkothileyo, ubugcisa bendabuko bufuna ukulungiswa okuninzi kunye nokupholisha, okusebenzisa amandla amaninzi kunye neendleko zexesha. Ngokwezibalo-manani ezifanelekileyo, umjikelo oqhelekileyo wemveliso yeteknoloji yegolide neyesilivere yokuphosa iingot zemveli ubude ngokuphindwe kabini ukuya kathathu kuneteknoloji yanamhlanje ephucukileyo, ngokungathandabuzekiyo eba ngumqobo omkhulu kuphuhliso lweshishini kwimeko yemarike yanamhlanje elandela imveliso esebenzayo.

Umatshini wokuphosa igolide nesilivere nge-vacuum: uzisa ixesha elitsha lokucubungula ngokufanelekileyo

Isizathu sokuba umatshini wokuphosa igolide nesilivere osebenzisa i-vacuum golide nesilivere unokuzisa utshintsho kwishishini lokucubungula igolide nesilivere kungenxa yomgaqo wawo okhethekileyo wokusebenza kunye neenzuzo zobugcisa ezibalaseleyo. Umgaqo wawo wokusebenza usekelwe kubuchwepheshe bokunyibilikisa nokwenza isinyithi kwindawo engenamoya. Kwimeko engenamoya, igolide nesilivere ziyafudunyezwa kwaye ziyanyibilikiswa, ziphepha ukudibana nokungcola emoyeni kwaye ziqinisekisa ubunyulu besinyithi esivela kumthombo. Okwangoku, ngoyilo oluphambili lwesikhunta kunye nenkqubo yokupholisa ngokukhawuleza, ukuphoswa ngokukhawuleza kwee-ingots zegolide nesilivere kunokufezekiswa.

Ngokuphathelele iingenelo zobuchwepheshe, eyokuqala sisiqinisekiso sobunyulu obuphezulu kakhulu. Kwimeko engenamoya, igolide nesilivere ziyanyibilika phantse ngaphandle kokungcoliswa bubumdaka bangaphandle, kwaye ubunyulu be-ingot cast bunokufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-99.99%, budlule kakhulu kwinqanaba leenkqubo zemveli. Ukuthatha ii-ingots zegolide njengomzekelo, ii-ingots zegolide ezinyulu kakhulu zithandwa kakhulu kwimarike yezemali kwaye zinamaxabiso aphezulu entengiselwano, nto leyo ezisa iingenelo eziphezulu kwezoqoqosho kumashishini.

Okwesibini, kukho uphuculo olukhulu ekusebenzeni kakuhle. Inkqubo yokunyibilikisa nokupholisa ngokukhawuleza komatshini wokuphosa igolide nesilivere ongenanto inciphisa kakhulu umjikelo wokuphosa. Xa kuthelekiswa neendlela zemveli, ukusebenza kwayo kwemveliso kunokwandiswa amaxesha ama-3-5. Umzekelo, ishishini eliphakathi lokucubungula igolide nesilivere liye landisa imveliso yalo yemihla ngemihla ye-ingot ukusuka kwiikhilogram ezingama-500 ukuya kwiikhilogram ezingama-2000 emva kokwamkela umatshini wokuphosa igolide nesilivere ongenanto, nto leyo eyanelisa kakhulu imfuno yemarike.

Ngaphezu koko, inqanaba lokusebenza ngokuzenzekelayo kwezixhobo liphezulu. Ukususela ekufakweni kwezinto zegolide nezesilivere ukuya ekuphumeni kwee-ingots ezigqityiweyo, yonke inkqubo ingenziwa ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye ilawulwe, nto leyo enciphisa amakhonkco okusebenza ngesandla. Oku akunciphisi nje kuphela iindleko zomsebenzi, kodwa kukwaphucula uzinzo lwemveliso kunye nokuhambelana kwemveliso.

Isivuno esiphindwe kabini sexabiso nomgangatho: impembelelo enkulu yomatshini wokuphosa igolide nesilivere

Ukusetyenziswa koomatshini bokuphosa igolide nesilivere nge-vacuum kuzise ulawulo olusebenzayo lweendleko kunye nophuculo olukhulu kumgangatho kumashishini okucubungula igolide nesilivere. Ngokuphathelele iindleko, nangona iindleko zokuqala zokuthenga izixhobo ziphezulu, ekuhambeni kwexesha, ngenxa yophuculo olukhulu ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwemveliso, iindleko zemveliso ngeyunithi nganye yemveliso ziya kuncipha ngokwenene. Ukuthatha ishishini lokucubungula igolide nesilivere elinomthamo wokucubungula wonyaka weetoni ezili-10 njengomzekelo, ukwamkela umatshini wokucoca igolide nesilivere nge-vacuum kunokonga malunga ne-5 yezigidi zeeyuan kwiindleko zabasebenzi, iindleko zokulahleka kwezinto eziluhlaza, njl.njl. ngonyaka.

Ngokuphathelele umgangatho, ii-ingots ezicocekileyo kakhulu zenza ukucubungula okulandelayo kube lula kwaye kunciphisa kakhulu iziphene zomgangatho wemveliso. Nokuba kukwenza ubucwebe begolide nesilivere okanye ukusebenzisa iimveliso zegolide nesilivere kwiinjongo zoshishino, zinokubonisa ukusebenza ngcono kunye nenkangeleko. Umzekelo, ubucwebe obenziwe ngezinto zegolide nesilivere eziveliswa ngoomatshini bokuphosa igolide nesilivere abangevasi bunombala oqaqambileyo, ubume obufanayo, kwaye bukhuphisana ngakumbi kwimarike.

Imbono yoShishino: Utshintsho lweXesha elizayo olukhokelwa ziimashini zokucoca igolide nesilivere ze-ingot

Ngokuthandwa ngokuthe ngcembe koomatshini bokuphosa igolide nesilivere abasebenzisa i-vacuum kwishishini lokucubungula igolide nesilivere, indlela esebenza ngayo le shishini itshintsha kakhulu. Kwelinye icala, ubungakanani bemveliso kunye nokukhuphisana kwimarike yamashishini kuye kwaphuculwa kakhulu, okukhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa kunye nokuphuculwa kweshishini. Amashishini amancinci nasebenza emva kwezobuchwepheshe ayasuswa kancinci kancinci, ngelixa amashishini amakhulu nasebenza phambili kwezobuchwepheshe ethatha isabelo esikhulu semarike enezixhobo zemveliso ezisebenzayo kunye neemveliso ezisemgangathweni ophezulu.

Kwelinye icala, ngokuqhubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe, umatshini wokuphosa igolide nesilivere ongenanto uphuculwa rhoqo kwaye uphuculwa. Kwixesha elizayo, kulindeleke ukuba sibone ukuvela kwezixhobo ezikrelekrele nezisebenzayo, nto leyo enciphisa iindleko zemveliso ngakumbi kwaye iphucule umgangatho wemveliso. Okwangoku, ngenxa yokwanda kwemfuno yokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, oomatshini bokuphosa igolide nesilivere abangenanto nabo baya kudlala indima enkulu ekugcineni amandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa komoya, bebeka isiseko esiqinileyo sophuhliso oluzinzileyo lweshishini lokucubungula igolide nesilivere.

Ukuvela kweoomatshini bokuphosa i-ingot yegolide neyesilivere abasusa i-vacuumNgokungathandabuzekiyo lutshintsho olukhulu kwishishini lokucubungula igolide nesilivere. Litshintshe imigangatho yokusebenza kakuhle kweshishini lokucubungula igolide nesilivere ngeenzuzo zalo zokusebenza kakuhle, umgangatho ophezulu, kunye neendleko eziphantsi, lifaka amandla amatsha kuphuhliso lweshishini kwaye likhokelela kwishishini kwikamva eliqaqambileyo. Kukhuphiswano lwemarike lwexesha elizayo, amashishini anobuchule bobuchwepheshe obuphambili kunye nezixhobo ngokuqinisekileyo aya kuqaqamba kwinqanaba leshishini lokucubungula igolide nesilivere.