Iindaba

Kwicandelo lokucubungula isinyithi esixabisekileyo, ukusebenza kakuhle kokwenza isinyithi kunxulumene ngokuthe ngqo neendleko zemveliso, imijikelo yokuhanjiswa kwemveliso, kunye nokukhuphisana kwimarike kwamashishini. Njengenye yezixhobo eziphambili, ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo nangokufanelekileyo komatshini wokunyibilikisa kunokuzisa inqanaba eliphezulu kuyo yonke inkqubo yokwenza isinyithi. Oku kulandelayo kuza kuchaza amanyathelo asebenzayo kunye namanqaku aphambili okuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokwenza isinyithi esixabisekileyo ngokusebenzisaumatshini wokunyibilikisa.

1.Ukukhethwa kwezixhobo kunye nokulungiselela kwangaphambili

(1) Ukhetho oluchanekileyo:Khetha umatshini wokunyibilikisa ofanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kwisikali semveliso, iintlobo kunye nobunzima beentsimbi ezixabisekileyo ezisetyenziswa rhoqo. Kwinqanaba lokuqala leendawo zokusebenzela ezincinci, ukuba ukucubungula ubucwebe begolide yeyona nto iphambili kwaye amandla okucubungula awekho makhulu, umatshini wokunyibilikisa igolide omncinci osebenzisa amaxesha amaninzi onamandla angama-1-3kW unokukhethwa. Utshisa ngokukhawuleza, utya amandla aphantsi, kwaye unokulawula ngokuchanekileyo ukunyibilikisa kweedosi ezincinci zegolide; Iifektri ezinkulu zobucwebe, ezijongene nokuphoswa ngobuninzi kweentsimbi ezixabisekileyo ezisebenzisa amaxesha amaninzi okunyibilikisa ezifana neplatinum kunye nepalladium, kufuneka zisebenzise oomatshini bokunyibilikisa abasebenzisa amaxesha aphakathi abanamandla angaphezu kwama-5kW okanye ngaphezulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba izinto eziluhlaza ezinomthamo omkhulu zinokunyibilikiswa ngokukhawuleza nangokulinganayo bubushushu, kuthintelwe ixesha elide lokunyibilikisa ngenxa yamandla angonelanga.

(2)Uyilo lwesiza:Faka indawo ezimeleyo, enomoya ococekileyo, neyomileyo yomatshini wokunyibilikisa, kude nezinto ezinokutsha neziqhumayo. Kwelinye icala, umoya ococekileyo unokukhupha ngexesha elifanelekileyo inani elincinci leegesi eziyingozi eziveliswa ngexesha lokunyibilikisa izinyithi ezixabisekileyo, ukuqinisekisa impilo yabaqhubi; Kwelinye icala, indawo eyomileyo inokuthintela izixhobo zombane ekubeni zifume kwaye zingahambi kakuhle, igcine ukusebenza kwezixhobo kuzinzile, kwaye inciphise ixesha lokungasebenzi elibangelwa ziimpazamo. Kwangaxeshanye, cwangcisa indawo yokubeka izinto ezikrwada kunye nezixhobo ngokufanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kumatshini wokunyibilikisa, njengokucwangcisa izinto ezivuthayo, iimolds, njl. ukuze zisetyenziswe ukuze kube lula ukufikelela kuzo kwaye konge ixesha lokufumana izinto.

2.Ukuphucula inkqubo yokusebenza

(1) Unyango lwangaphambi kokusetyenziswa kwezinto eziluhlaza:Ngaphambi kokuba zifakwe kumatshini wokunyibilikisa, hlamba ngononophelo izinto ezixabisekileyo zesinyithi ukuze ususe amabala eoyile engaphezulu, ukungcola, ii-oxides, njl. Umzekelo, sula ibhloko yegolide ngesicoci sesinyithi esithambileyo, uze uhlambe ngamanzi acocekileyo uze womise. Oku akugcini nje ngokuthintela ukungcola ekungeneni kwi-melt kwaye kuchaphazele ubumsulwa bayo, kodwa kukwakhawulezisa inkqubo yokunyibilikisa kuba iintsimbi ezicocekileyo zinomoya ongcono wokushisa kunye nokudluliselwa kobushushu okusebenzayo ngakumbi, okuvumela inkqubo yokunyibilikisa ukuba igqitywe kwimizuzu embalwa ngaphambili. Kwizinto eziluhlaza ezininzi, ukuba ubungakanani bukhulu, ukutyumza okanye ukusika okufanelekileyo kube ziingceba ezincinci kunokwandisa indawo yokudibana nentsimi yobushushu, nto leyo ekwaluncedo ekukhawuleziseni ukunyibilikisa.

(2) Ulawulo lobushushu oluchanekileyo:Misela ubushushu bomatshini wokunyibilikisa ngokuchanekileyo ngokusekelwe kwinqanaba lokunyibilikisa kweentsimbi ezixabisekileyo. Ukuba iqondo lokunyibilikisa zesilivere liyi-961.78 ℃, ubushushu kufuneka bulawulwe ngokuchanekileyo phakathi kwe-960-970 ℃ ngexesha lokufudumeza, oku kungathinteli nje kuphela isilivere ekutshiseni nasekuchitheni izinto eziluhlaza ngenxa yokushisa kakhulu, kodwa kuqinisekisa ukuba inokunyibilika ngokukhawuleza ibe yimeko efanayo yolwelo. Oomatshini bokunyibilikisa abaphucukileyo banamhlanje badla ngokuba neenkqubo zokulawula ubushushu ezikrelekrele ezisebenzisa izinzwa ezichanekileyo ukujonga ubushushu ngexesha langempela kunye nokulungisa amandla okufudumeza ngempendulo; Umsebenzisi kufuneka aqhelane nokusebenza kolawulo lobushushu kwezixhobo, kwaye enze uhlengahlengiso olusekelwe kumava ukuqinisekisa ukuba isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo sikwimeko efanelekileyo yobushushu kuyo yonke inkqubo, kunciphisa ixesha elingasebenziyo lokunyibilikisa okuphindaphindiweyo ngenxa yokutshintsha kobushushu.

(3) Ukubeka esweni inkqubo yokunyibilikisa:Ngexesha lenkqubo yokunyibilikisa, jonga ngokusondeleyo imeko yesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kwaye ujonge naziphi na izinto eziqinileyo ezinganyibilikiswanga okanye amaqamza ngefestile yokujonga yomatshini wokunyibilikisa. Nje ukuba kufunyenwe izinto ezingaqhelekanga, ezifana nokushisa kakhulu kwendawo okwenza iqokobhe eliqinileyo elithintela ukunyibilikisa, ukufudumeza kufuneka kumiswe ngoko nangoko, kwaye ukunyibilika kufuneka kuxutywe ngesandla okanye kulungiswe indlela yokufudumeza; Ukuba kukho amaqamza, misela ukuba izinto eziluhlaza zimanzi okanye kukho iintanda ezincinci kwisikrucible ezifunxa igesi, kwaye uzisombulule ngokuchanekileyo ukuze uphephe ukuphinda uhlengahlengiswe okubangelwa ziimveliso ezinezimbobo zomoya ngexesha lokuphosa, ukuqinisekisa izinga lempumelelo lokuphosa kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle ngokubanzi.

3.Ulondolozo kunye nentsebenziswano yabasebenzi

(1) Ulondolozo lwemihla ngemihla:Emva kokusetyenziswa ngakunye, linda umatshini wokunyibilikisa uphole, coca intsalela yesinyithi ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-crucible, kwaye usebenzise ibrashi ethambileyo eneebristle ukucoca uthuli emzimbeni womatshini, ngakumbi kwiindawo zokungenisa umoya kunye neendawo zombane, ukuthintela ukuqokelelwa kothuli ekuchaphazeleni ukusasazwa kobushushu kunye nokuqhuba kombane. Hlola rhoqo iindawo ezibalulekileyo ezifana nezinto zokufudumeza, iinkqubo zokulawula ubushushu, kunye nezixhobo zokuhambisa, tshintsha iindawo ezibuthathaka ezifana neentambo zokufudumeza kunye nee-thermocouples ngokweemfuno zesandla sesixhobo, qinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zikwimeko efanelekileyo yokusebenza ngamaxesha onke, kwaye uphephe ukusilela ngequbuliso kunye nokuvalwa ngexesha lokuveliswa ukuze kugcinwe.

(2)Uqeqesho lwabasebenzi kunye nentsebenziswano:Ukubonelela ngoqeqesho lobuchwephesha kubasebenzi abasebenzisa umatshini wokunyibilikisa ukuze baqonde ngakumbi imigaqo yezixhobo, iindawo zokusebenza, kunye nemigaqo yokhuseleko. Abasebenzi abanezakhono banokuqikelela iingxaki zokunyibilikisa kwaye bahlengahlengise iiparameters ngokuguquguqukayo ngokusekelwe kumava, ngelixa abaqalayo banokuhlangabezana neemeko ezahlukeneyo ezicothisa inkqubela phambili ngenxa yokusebenza okungafanelekanga. Kwangaxeshanye, abasebenzi kwinqanaba ngalinye lokubumba basebenza ngokusondeleyo. Emva kokuba ukunyibilikisa igolide kugqityiwe, ukulungiswa kweenkuni, ukuthulula kunye nezinye iinkqubo kuqhagamshelwe ngaphandle komthungo, kunciphisa ixesha ukusuka kwiintsimbi ezixabisekileyo ezingamanzi ukuya kwii-castings ezenziweyo kwaye kusetyenziswe ngokupheleleyo inzuzo yokutya ngokukhawuleza yomatshini wokunyibilikisa ukuze kufezekiswe imveliso ephumelelayo yobuninzi.

4.Ukuphuculwa kwetekhnoloji kunye nezicelo ezintsha

(1) Utshintsho lwe-automation:Ngenisa inkqubo yolawulo oluzenzekelayo ukuze kufezekiswe unxibelelwano phakathi komatshini wokunyibilikisa kunye neenkqubo zokuphosa ezilandelayo. Umzekelo, xa isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo sifikelela kwinani elimiselweyo kunye nemeko, isixhobo sokuvula kunye nokuthulula isikhunta sivuselelwa ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba sithulule ngokuchanekileyo nangobuninzi, sinciphise ixesha kunye nokulahleka kobushushu bokudluliselwa ngesandla kwesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo, sinciphise iimpazamo zomntu, siphucule ukuhambelana kwemveliso, senze inkqubo yokuphosa ibe ncinci kwaye ihambelane, kwaye sonyusa kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle.

(2) Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezintsha ezisetyenziswa ekutshiseni:Ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezintsha ezisetyenziswa ekunyibilikiseni ezimelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ezihambisa ubushushu, nezimelana nokugqwala, ezifana ne-graphite composite crucible, ukunyibilikisa iintsimbi zeqela leplatinum. Xa kuthelekiswa nee-crucible zemveli, inomoya okhawulezayo wobushushu, ifudumeza ngokukhawuleza, ihlala ixesha elide, kwaye inciphisa ukutshintshwa rhoqo kunye nokuvalwa kwee-crucibles. Inganciphisa nokulahleka kokunamathela kweentsimbi ezixabisekileyo eludongeni lwe-crucible, iphucula ngokupheleleyo ukusebenza kakuhle kokunyibilikisa igolide kunye nokuphoswa okulandelayo kwiinkalo ezininzi.

Ngokusebenzisa amanyathelo apheleleyo anje ngokukhetha izixhobo, ukuphucula ukusebenza, ukugcinwa, kunye nokuvelisa izinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe, amashishini asebenzisa isinyithi esixabisekileyo kulindeleke ukuba aphucule kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, aphume phambili kukhuphiswano olukhulu lwemarike, aze afikelele ekunciphiseni iindleko, ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nophuhliso olusemgangathweni ophezulu ngokuhlola amandla esixhobo.umatshini wokunyibilikisa.