Iindaba

Kwishishini lobucwebe, umgangatho wobugcisa kunye notshintsho umisela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho kunye nokukhuphisana kwemarike kweemveliso. Njengesixhobo sokuthunga esiphucukileyo,oomatshini abancinci bokuphosa i-vacuumikhula kancinci kancinci kwaye izisa izinto ezintsha ezininzi kwimveliso yobucwebe. Ngomgaqo wayo okhethekileyo wokusebenza kunye neempawu zokusebenza, ibonakalise iingenelo ezibalulekileyo ekuphuculeni umgangatho wokwenziwa kwezinto zobucwebe, ukunciphisa iindleko zemveliso, kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokwenziwa ngokwezifiso ezenzelwe wena.​

1．Intshayelelo emfutshane kuMgaqo oSebenzayo woMshini oNcinci wokuCanda iVacuum

Umatshini omncinci wokukhupha i-vacuum wenza imisebenzi yokukhupha i-vacuum kwindawo evalekileyo ye-mold. Ngaphambi kokuba inkqubo yokukhupha iqale, i-mold ibekwa kuqala kwigumbi le-vacuum, kwaye inkqubo yokukhupha i-exhaust isebenza ngokukhawuleza ukuze ikhuphe umoya kwindawo ye-mold, idale indawo enoxinzelelo oluphantsi. Xa ulwelo lwesinyithi lufakwa kwindawo ye-mold, ngenxa yokuncipha koxinzelelo lwangaphandle, ukugeleza kolwelo lwesinyithi kuphucuka kakhulu, okuvumela ukuzaliswa okubushelelezi kwekona nganye encinci ye-mold. Kwangaxeshanye, indawo ye-vacuum inciphisa ngempumelelo unxibelelwano phakathi kwesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo nomoya, inciphisa ukwenzeka kwe-oxidation kunye ne-aspiration, kwaye ibeka isiseko sokufumana i-castings esemgangathweni ophezulu.​

2．Ukuphucula kakhulu umgangatho wezinto zokuhombisa ubucwebe

(1) Nciphisa iimbobo kunye nemingxuma yesanti

Kwiindlela zemveli zokuphosa, isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo sinomoya ovalekileyo xa sifakwa kwi-mold cavity, okwenza ii-pores, kwaye ukungcola kwisanti yokubumba kunokukhokelela ekwakhiweni kwemingxunya yesanti. Indawo yokuphuma kwi-vacuum yoomatshini abancinci bokuphosa i-vacuum inciphisa kakhulu ubukho bomoya, ivumela ulwelo lwesinyithi ukuba luzalise i-mold cavity kwimeko ephantse ingabi namoya, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu ukuvela kwee-pores kunye nemingxunya yesanti. Kwiimveliso zobucwebe ezifuna umgangatho ophezulu kakhulu womphezulu, ukunciphisa ezi ziphene kuthetha ukuba umphezulu uthambile kwaye ugqibelele ngakumbi, uphucula umgangatho kunye nesiphumo sokubonakala kwezacholo.​

(2) Ukuphucula uxinano kunye namandla ee-castings

Kwimeko engenamanzi, ukuncitshiswa kwesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kuyafana ngakumbi ngexesha lokuqina, kwaye isakhiwo sangaphakathi sixinene ngakumbi. Oku kwandisa uxinano lwezinto zokuhombisa ubucwebe kwaye kwandisa amandla azo ngokufanayo. Umzekelo, xa kusenziwa imigexo enobume obunzima, iipendants, okanye izacholo, uxinano oluphezulu kunye namandla kunokuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso ayiguquguquki okanye yonakale lula ngexesha lokunxitywa kwemihla ngemihla, yandise ubomi benkonzo yobucwebe, kwaye yonyusa ukuzithemba kwabathengi kumgangatho wemveliso.​

3．Ukunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo iindleko zemveliso

(1) Ukuphuculwa kwezinga lokusetyenziswa kwezinto

Umatshini omncinci wokuphosa i-vacuum ungenza ulwelo lwesinyithi luzalise umngxuma wesikhunta ngokuchanekileyo, unciphise inkunkuma ebangelwa kukungazaliswa ngokwaneleyo okanye ngokugqithisileyo kolwelo lwesinyithi. Xa kuthelekiswa neendlela zemveli zokuphosa, unomlinganiselo ophezulu wokusetyenziswa kwezinto. Kwimveliso yobucwebe, ixabiso lezinto zesinyithi ezixabisekileyo liphezulu, kwaye ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwezinto kunciphisa ngokuthe ngqo iindleko zezinto eziluhlaza. Ukuthatha igolide njengomzekelo, ukuncitshiswa kwelahleko engeyomfuneko kunokonga iindleko ezinkulu kwimveliso enkulu.​

(2) Nciphisa umjikelo wemveliso

Ngenxa yokutyibilika kakuhle kolwelo lwesinyithi ngexesha lokuphoswa kwe-vacuum, ukuzaliswa ngokukhawuleza komngxuma wokubumba, kunye nomgangatho ophezulu wokuphoswa, umthwalo womsebenzi weenkqubo ezilandelayo ezifana nokupholishwa nokulungiswa uncitshiswa kakhulu. Oku kunciphisa umjikelo wonke wokuvelisa ubucwebe. Kwimeko yemarike ekhawulezayo, umjikelo omfutshane wemveliso uthetha ukukwazi ukutyhala iimveliso kwimarike ngokukhawuleza, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabathengi, ukunciphisa iindleko zokugcina izinto, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwengeniso yemali yeshishini.

4.Ihambelana kakhulu neemfuno zokwenza ngokwezifiso ezenzelwe wena

(1) Ukuphunyezwa lula kweemilo ezintsonkothileyo

Umkhwa wokwenza ngokwezifiso ngokwezifiso kushishino lwezacholo uya ubonakala ngakumbi, kwaye imfuno yabathengi yeemilo ezizodwa iyanda rhoqo. Oomatshini abancinci bokuphosa i-vacuum banokuhlangabezana noyilo oluntsonkothileyo olwahlukeneyo, nokuba zizinto eziqingqiweyo ezintle, iitsheyini ezincinci, okanye iimilo ezinobukhulu obuthathu, banokuphinda ngokuchanekileyo imo yesikhunta ngokusebenzisa ukugeleza okuhle kolwelo lwesinyithi kwindawo ye-vacuum, okubonisa ubuchule bomyili ngokugqibeleleyo. Oku kubonelela ngenkxaso enamandla kubarhwebi bezacholo ukuba bahlole imakethi yokwenza ngokwezifiso eyenzelwe wena.​

(2) Ukutshintshwa kwesikhunta ngokukhawuleza kunye nokulungiswa kwemveliso

Umatshini omncinci wokuphosa i-vacuum usebenza ngokuguquguquka kwaye kulula kwaye kuyakhawuleza ukutshintsha i-mold. Xa ufumana ii-odolo ezahlukeneyo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, kunokwenzeka ukutshintsha i-mold ngokukhawuleza, ulungise iiparameter ze-cast, kwaye uqalise imveliso entsha. Olu buchule bokuphendula ngokukhawuleza luvumela iinkampani zezacholo ukuba zihlangabezane neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zabathengi ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye zifumane ithuba kwimarike ekhuphisanayo kakhulu.​

5.Iingenelo ezibalaseleyo zokusingqongileyo

(1) Nciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi eyingozi

Kwinkqubo yesiqhelo yokuphosa, ulwelo lwesinyithi ludla ngokuba ne-oxidation xa ludibana nomoya. Ukuqinisekisa umgangatho we-castings, kudla ngokuba yimfuneko ukongeza iikhemikhali ezithile, ezinokuvelisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi eyingozi kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Oomatshini abancinci bokuphosa i-vacuum basetyenziselwa ukuphosa kwindawo engenamoya, nto leyo enciphisa i-oxidation kunye nokuxhomekeka kwizongezo zeekhemikhali, nto leyo enciphisa ngempumelelo ukukhutshwa kwegesi enobungozi. Oku kuhambelana neengcamango zangoku zokukhusela okusingqongileyo kwaye kunceda iinkampani zobucwebe ukuba zenze umfanekiso olungileyo kuluntu.​

(2) Nciphisa ungcoliseko lothuli

Kwinkqubo yesiqhelo yokuphosa nokucoca isanti, kuveliswa uthuli oluninzi, olubeka emngciphekweni imeko yokusebenza kunye nempilo yabasebenzi. Umatshini omncinci wokuphosa i-vacuum usebenzisa izixhobo kunye neenkqubo zokuphosa ezicocekileyo, kwaye usebenza kwigumbi lokuphosa elivaliweyo, kunciphisa kakhulu ukuveliswa nokusasazwa kothuli, kuphucula imeko yokusebenza, kwaye kuqinisekisa impilo yomzimba yabasebenzi.​

Isiphelo

Oomatshini abancinci bokuphosa izinto nge-vacuum, abaneengenelo zokuphucula umgangatho wokufaka izinto, ukunciphisa iindleko, ukuhlangabezana nokulungiswa ngokwezifiso, kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo, batshintsha kakhulu indlela yokuvelisa izinto kwishishini lezinto zokuhombisa.

Ngokuqhubeka nokuphucula ubuchwepheshe, kulindeleke ukuba ikhuthaze ngakumbi uphuhliso lweshishini lezinto zokuhombisa ukuze libe semgangathweni ophezulu, lisebenze kakuhle, kwaye lizinze kwixesha elizayo, libe sisixhobo esibalulekileyo nesibalulekileyo kwicandelo lemveliso yezinto zokuhombisa.

Iinkampani zobucwebe zizisa kwaye zifake izicelooomatshini abancinci bokuphosa i-vacuum, eya kuthatha indawo enenzuzo ngakumbi kukhuphiswano olukhulu lwemarike kwaye idale iimveliso zobucwebe ezintle nezikhethekileyo. ​